Citizen, By Claudia Rankine Essay - 1098 Words

Citizen, is a book by the author Claudia Rankine, who was born in Jamaica, and then immigrated to the US at a young age. After seemingly absorbing and understanding the culture of America, she writes the book Citizen, to not only define violence, but as a voice to black individuals on the racism and violence they face daily. The book does a very good job of putting the reader in the shoes of a black individual in America, without not making it believable. The book has its own style, which is used to show the violence that blacks face daily. This book was the perfect addition to the course in the sense it unwittingly attempts to answer the question, â€Å"How does it feel to be a problem?†. In reading this book, I could directly identify with the various forms of violence and especially the violence against black individuals. Being a white moderate with seemingly no identity to find, at the time of reading this book, Citizen helped shape the ideas of what I would have to answer the question â€Å"How does it feel to be a problem?†, as well as helping me form an identity within myself. The question â€Å"How does it feel to be a problem?†, is a question that per Citizen, is not answered with a simple or easy solution. That being a problem is more a question on the individuals who have this problem, rather than the black individuals themselves who carry this burden of a† problem†. Citizen, for me helped illuminate the real problem which as described above is more of a matter of people whoShow MoreRelatedCitizen, By Claudia Rankine Essay1294 Words   |  6 PagesWhen one thinks of a â€Å"citizen†, they often imagine the process of gaining the title of becoming a citizen within a country. But often times people do not think of â€Å"citizen† or â€Å"citizenship† to be connected to race. In Claudia Rankine’s book â€Å"Citizen†, she takes time to discuss and display specific moments that have happened in the lives of African Americans who live in the United States. By doing so, she is investigating in depth of what it means to be a Black American â€Å"citizen† today in society. TheseRead MoreCitizen : An American Lyric By Claudia Rankine1604 Words   |  7 Pagespray that the human race never escapes from Earth to spread its iniquity elsewhere.†- C.S. Lewis Citizen: An American Lyric by Claudia Rankine is a lengthy poetic attempt at exposing the competing consciousness pertaining to race and racism in society, pitting the historical person against the individual. Set side by side with The Souls of Black Folks and This Land is Your Land by Woodie Guthrie, Citizen takes on a very distinct impression of separate identities competing in one person. W.E.B. DuboisRead MoreCitizen An American Lyric By Claudia Rankine1505 Words   |  7 PagesCitizen An American Lyric by Claudia Rankine is a unique piece of literature that truly encompasses the concept of being a Black Intellectual assessing the state of Black people in the American society. Among many of Rankine s passages in Citizen, she addresses microaggressions, racial incidents and current events surrounding Black Americans. From there her novel further transitions into assessing high profiled racial and political cases in America of Blacks who have died unjust deaths, as wellRead MoreAnalysis Of The Book Citizen By Claudia Rankine Essay1756 Words   |  8 PagesCitizen, written by Claudia Rankine in 2014, narrates testimonies of systematic racism and every day micro aggressions through poems, essays, scripts and images. Rankine documents the racist encounters through the second person point of view for the reader to feel and understand the effects racism has on the bod y and mind. This paper will examine hypervisibility and invisibility of the black body embedded in the novel because of decades of racism. Rankine emphasizes the sensory emotions and feelingsRead MoreClaudia Rankine s Citizen Contains A Number Of Intricate Images905 Words   |  4 PagesClaudia Rankine’s Citizen contains a number of intricate images usually following a story within a section of the lyric. Using the context of the story, one is able to perceive his or her own meaning for why the image was included. The images provoke thought and emotion in many different ways. While an image may seem sad to some, others may decipher a positive or progressive view of their own. The true beauty of these images alongside their text is that they will bring forth a unique response fromRead MoreRacial Profiling And Discrimination By Claudia Rankine s Citizen : An American Lyric Essay1366 Words   |  6 PagesRacial profiling and discrimination is an underlining theme in Claudia Ra nkine’s Citizen: An American Lyric. The author uses everyday encounters to expose the harsh reality African American people live. Rankine’s perspective on racism is applicable to years dating from 1860 and to present day occurrences. Discrimination against African Americans is a continuing problem. Although slavery does not exist today, African Americans continually grieve the agony their ancestors faced throughout the CivilRead MoreDiscussing Theme Of The Works Of Claudia Rankine896 Words   |  4 PagesDiscussing theme in the works of Claudia Rankine Claudia Rankine can best be described as a Jamaican American poet who is constantly â€Å"challenging notions of what poetry should look like.† (Leszkiewicz) Spending most of her life in a predominately white neighborhood, Rankine is an advocate for black lives and notes in one of her poems â€Å"by transforming the slain black body into a public spectacle, America is able to observe such tragedies at a distance.† (Rankine) By discussing what people are uncomfortableRead MoreRacism And Prejudice By Claudia Rankine889 Words   |  4 PagesCitizen (2014), by Claudia Rankine, is a book that explores racism and prejudice that is happening in the United States. Rankine incorporates personal encounters, reactions, reflections, writing and art pieces, historical events, and the media to prove the point that racism is still very prominent to this day. For a majority of the book, Rankine writes short pieces about her personal encounters that deals with some form of racism, whe ther it happened to her or if she witnessed racism happening toRead MoreAnalysis Of The Book Living Color By Claudia Rankine903 Words   |  4 PagesIn Living Color Citizen (2014), by Claudia Rankine, is a book that explores racism and prejudice that is happening in the United States. Rankine incorporates personal encounters, reactions, reflections, writing and art pieces, historical events, and the media to prove the point that racism is still very prominent to this day. For a majority of the book, Rankine writes short pieces about her personal encounters that deals with some form of racism, whether it happened to her or if she witnessed racismRead More##toric Themes In Claudia Rankines Citizen : An American Lyric834 Words   |  4 Pagesof the United States. Claudia Rankine’s collection of poems, â€Å"Citizen: An American Lyric† explores these themes. The lyrical themes found in Midnight Oil’s songs relate to Citizen as they exemplify the racial struggle between the Aborigines and the white settlers of Australia which can easily be related to the struggle of the blacks and whites in the US which is exemplified in the son gs Beds Are Burning, Warakurna, and The Dead Heart. In the collection of poems, Citizen: An American Lyric, the

Strategic Management Accounting - 13457 Words

The current issue and full text archive of this journal is available at www.emeraldinsight.com/0951-3574.htm AAAJ 21,2 Strategic management accounting: how far have we come in 25 years? Kim Langï ¬ eld-Smith Monash University, Melbourne, Australia Abstract Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to provide a review of the origins of strategic management accounting and to assess the extent of adoption and â€Å"success† of strategic management accounting (SMA). Design/methodology/approach – Empirical papers which have directly researched SMA and prior review papers of the adoption and implementation of SMA or SMA techniques are reviewed. As well as assessing the extent of adoption of SMA and the reasons underlying an apparent low adoption†¦show more content†¦As well as reviewing empirical papers which have directly researched these issues, prior reviews of SMA adoption and implementation will also be utilized. Thus, in some respects this paper is a â€Å"review of reviews† of SMA. As well as assessing the extent of adoption of SMA and the reasons underlying an apparent low adoption rate, the role of accountants in adopting and implementing SMA is considered. Finally, the success or otherwise of SMA i s discussed. The paper is organized as follows. In the next section SMA will be deï ¬ ned. This will be followed by a recount of the development and possible demise of SMA as provided in a recent chapter by John Shank (2007). Wider perspectives on the origins and development of SMA are then presented, drawing mainly on the works of Bromwich and Bhimani (Bromwich, 1990; Bromwich and Bhimani, 1989, 1994) and Roslender and Hart (Roslender, 1995, 1996; Roslender and Hart, 2002, 2003). This is followed by a selective review of the literature that addresses adoption, implementation and success of speciï ¬ c SMA techniques and practices, which includes descriptive and theoretically-grounded case studies, and surveys of practice. The role of management accountants in the adoption and implementation of SMA is then considered, and in the ï ¬ nal section the state of play of SMA is assessed and opportunities for future researchShow MoreRelatedStrategic Management Accounting1773 Words   |  8 PagesSTRATEGIC MANAGEMENT ACCOUNTING This report will attempt to explain what Strategic Management Accounting (SMA) is, how it developed, why Traditional Management Accounting (TMA) is not sufficient to provide information for strategic decisions and the difference between SMA and TMA. It will further outline some of the essential analytical tools or techniques in SMA such as Activity Based Costing (ABC) and the Balanced Scorecard (BSC). SMA is an extremely broad concept, so in order to give a bird’sRead MoreStrategic Management Accounting2093 Words   |  9 PagesWhat is Strategic Management Accounting? And why, Strategic Management Accounting? Simple definition: Management Accounting in the context of business strategies being planned and implemented by an organisation. Strategy is the way that a firm positions and distinguishes itself from its competitors. These business strategies must be developed in the context of the internal and external environments so that they are practical, or else they will remain a theoretical wish-list. It is alsoRead MoreStrategic Management Accounting3162 Words   |  13 Pagesproducts; and the emergence of e-business and so on. As a result of the defects of traditional accounting have been unable to meet these changes new management themes have evolved which in turn has resulted in the development of strategic management accounting. Strategic management accounting aims to provide relevant information to an organization’s management to enable them to make strategic plans and strategic decisions. The emphasis is on external information on competitors, customers, markets, andRead MoreStrategic Management Accounting2595 Words   |  11 Pagesmeeting target budgeted profit. This is a critical situation where management of Manac plc should understand and evaluate the key strategic management accounting models and concepts which may affect to decisions made with regard to products’ cost and price. Manac plc presently uses traditional management accounting concepts such as standard costing and absorption costing methods as a part of its approach to strategic management accounting. The reasons for the company not to achieve target budgeted profitRead MoreRole Of A Strategic Management Accounting Essay1317 Words   |  6 Pagesand Goddard 2008) investigating the role of strategic management accounting in an organizational setting? The role of strategic management accounting (SMA) is a relatively new concept especially within organizational settings (Juras, 2014). In addition to being new, it posits as an interesting field of study since existing literature evidences that conducting management accounting in relationship with strategy is problematic (Endraria, 2015). Accounting managers endure challenge of aligning functionalRead MoreStrategic Management Accounting : The Beginning Essay1797 Words   |  8 PagesIntroduction Discussion 1. Strategic Management Accounting: The Beginning To survive and succeed in the ever-evolving global business climate requires an understanding on how to formulate business strategies that are future proof (Daud, 2012). In reaction to this growing pressure firms are looking for innovative ways to remain competitive and apply a strategic perspective in every aspect of their business. This led to a close up on conventional management and cost accounting practices and sparked criticismRead MoreQuestions On Strategic Management Accounting2396 Words   |  10 PagesOver the past recent years a new term namely â€Å"Strategic Management Accounting† has been introduced in management accounting discussion. In the following years and still today, a debate about what SMA comprises has been oriented. It is considered widely by organizations while drafting and implementing strategic planning and control system in an organization. This essay will elaborate the understanding and analyzing of work done by CIMA and some other surveyors in r elation to this field. SecondaryRead MoreManagment Accounting, Financial Control, Management Control, Strategic Management Accounting (Sma)3965 Words   |  16 PagesIntroduction: To better understand differences between many similar types of terms in accounting such as management accounting and financial accounting, management control and financial control and strategic management accounting we will explore the case study of TNT and how the company has been able to implement these important concepts practically in this case. Firstly, we will see how the management and financial controls were used in order to achieve what Taylor say’s is Critical Mass. We willRead MoreStrategic Management Accounting and Balanced Score Card11170 Words   |  45 PagesCHAPTER 17: ACCOUNTING FOR STRATEGIC MANAGEMENT CHAPTER OUTLINE ï  ± ï  ± ï  ± Learning outcomes Introduction Organisational strategy o Definition o Cumulative strategy (strategising) ï  ± Strategic management accounting (SMA) o Definition o Components of SMA o Does SMA still exist; or, what is it becoming? ï  ± The balanced scorecard o Its origins and its purpose o Elements and characteristics of a balanced scorecard o Designing a balanced scorecard o Features of a balanced scorecard o Why hasRead MoreStrategic Management Accounting : Cost Advantage And Differentiation Advantage996 Words   |  4 PagesTraditional management accounting is cost driven with short-term pricing and profit motive. It is fragmented and has internal and financial focus. Strategic management accounting is market driven with long-term pricing and profit motive. It is integrated and has value and external focus. Strategic management accounting raises the issues and addresses the weaknesses of traditional management accounting in the modern market place. Strategic management accounting requires the application of strategic management

McDonalds-Case Study Free-Samples for Students-Myassignenthelp

Question: Discuss about the Regulatory Framework in Australian Fast Food Industry: McDonalds Case Study. Answer: Introduction McDonald is a chain of fast food restaurant with limited service. The company has a chain of approximately 35000 restaurants distributed in more than 100 countries across the globe(Jurevicius 2017). Globally, the company has employed more than 4 million people. The firm, through its services is able to serve more than 70 million people in a given day. These populations are close to three times the total population of Australia. Based on the research that was carried out by the IBISWorld, the firm had a 17 % market share, which is the highest market share in the whole of US' fast food industry(McDonalds 2017). The firms headquarter is situated in Oak Brook, Illinois, USA. In terms of market share, the closest rival is the Yum brand, which has an estimated market share of 11%(Jurevicius 2017). The firm operates and franchises restaurants which observes the menu that is locally relevant. The relevant food menus should be quality food, and it is served in all the 100 global countries(McD onalds 2017). The company's global system consists of the franchised restaurants and company-owned restaurants. The franchised subsidiaries are owned and under an affiliate, conventional franchise, and developmental affiliate or license. Primarily, the firm perceives itself as a franchisor. This is because close to 83% of the McDonalds' majority restaurants are totally owned by private and independent franchises(Thompson 2017). Through franchising an individual is able to own and maintain control over marketing, purchasing, pricing, and purchasing decisions affecting the restaurant. Also, at the same time, the person benefits from the company's operating system, global brand, and financial resources(Julia Anaf 2017). One of the main advantages of applying this model of franchising in business operations is that the company is able to apply the expertise accrued from operating the company-owned restaurants to improve the success of all the chains, at the same time, the positive experiences of one chain can be implemented in all chains to improve efficiency. McDonalds Australia (Maccas) McDonalds Limited in Australia is popularly known as Maccas. It is a McDonalds' corporation subsidiary. The subsidiary is in charge of overseeing the franchising and operations of the McDonald's Australian restaurant(Jurevicius 2017). The firm serves varied beverages and foods. Examples of the food served by this restaurant include the Cheeseburger, French Fries, Hamburgers, Chicken nuggets, Chicken sandwiches, Cream sundaes, Desserts, Egg muffin, and Milk shakes. The subsidiary also serves Bottled water, Premium salads, Dinner meals, Packed lunch, Coffee yoghurts, and Premium salads. The firm commercializes and markets its commodities under brand portfolio. The brand portfolio includes Big Mac, Happy Meal, McWrap, Greene Angus, among other brand portfolios. The Australian's subsidiary has its headquarter located in Thorn Leigh, New South Wales. McDonald's restaurant was first opened in Australia in 1971, in the western Sydney suburbs. As per the date of writing this article, there are approximately more than 900 McDonalds restaurants in Australia serving an average of more than 1.8 million people in a day(Jurevicius 2017). The average number of McDonald's restaurants being opened in Australia annually, is 30 restaurants. The Australian McDonald's is a public unlisted company in Australia, and limited by shares. Just like in other countries where McDonald's operates, in Australia, the franchises are owned individuals, with an average rate of private ownership standing at more than 70% of the total franchise in Australia(Jurevicius 2017). The company's framework ensures that each franchise is able to effectively and efficiently meet the needs of the community they serve, through observation of quality, accountability, and safety standards. McDonald's and its franchise has created employment for an average of 900000 individuals(McDonalds 2017). These people work in management offices and restaurants in Australia. Regulatory Framework Affecting the Company The issue of advertising food to the children has received wide attention in Australia and Internationally. This is in the context of the ever-growing concern of the public in relation to the highly increasing percentages of childhood obesity and overweight. The consumer and health groups in Australia have lobbied the government to abolish food advertisement(www.alrc.gov.au 2017). According to this group this will be an appropriate measure to curb the ever-increasing rate of child obesity and overweight. The health and consumer groups debate that advertising food makes the children to pester parents, prefer, and consume the advertised food(www.business.qld.gov.au 2017). Hence, by effectively regulating these kinds of adverts, the problem of obesity will be curbed. However, on the other viewpoint, the players in the food industry, and who advertises their products, argue that there is no any evidence that links obesity and food advertising, and that the already existing food advertisi ng regulations are enough. The National Association of the Australian Advertisers (NAAA), which is the body representing the advertisers in Australia, agrees with the food advertiser(Mackay 2010). The body insists that there have never been any proofs that links, advertisements with the child obesity. The body challenges the experts to present the evidences that demonstrates that the seriousness of their allegations. Nonetheless, the body, in 2016, came up with Food Code, the self-regulatory Food and Beverages Advertising and Marketing Communications Code(Mackay 2010). The code comprises specific food advertisement provisions directed towards the children. According to the advertisement regulatory body, the code was designed to address issues relating to obesity and advertisement, and to avoid exaggerated regulations in the field of commercial communications and advertisement. The food code was effected in 2006, as part of the regulatory body's national scheme of self-regulatory. Recently, the body released a revised version of the Children advertisement code after engaging the consultants of public relations to conduct an external review of the initial Code(McDonalds Australia 2017). The organization claims that reviewed Code will aid in ensuring that marketing and advertising communications to children is as per the set standards of the Australian society. Though the Food and advertising to children was not reviewed in the new version, the NAAA announced to the public that its main beverage and food members were working on a program that relates directly to beverage and food advertising to children(McDonalds Australia 2017). If the initiative is successfully adopted, it will have affected in the revised Beverage and Food Advertising and Marketing Communications Code. The Australian Media and Communication Authority, otherwise known by its initials as ACMA, is reviewing currently the Television Standards for Children. This review is aimed at regulating the running of an advertisement to children's free to air televisions(McDonald 2014). The authority has suggested several alternatives that can be used to address the issue of food advertising to children. The proposal, among other components, require the advertising authority to scrutinize and report on the impacts of the Food Code(Mackay 2010). On their side, the broadcasters and advertisers maintain that the Children's Code removes the need for the Authority to enforce any specific restrains on food advertising to children. Impact of the Regulations on the McDonald's Products and Services. In the recent past, there has been an increase in the community and stakeholders' concern about the practices of marketing to children. At such, McDonald's Australia signed an initiative known as Self-Regulatory Quick Service Restaurant to cater for responsible Marketing and Advertising to children(McDonalds Australia 2017). There are two major principles that form part of this agreement. The first principle is that when the company is promoting beverages and foods to children below the age of 14 years, the company will only advertise beverage and foods that are healthy(McDonalds Australia 2017). For any particular food and beverage to fit into the category of healthy, it should fulfil the general aspects of healthy eating enshrined in the definitions of the nutrition authorities that are credible. They must also be consistent with the described criteria for saturated fat, sodium, energy, and sugar(McDonalds Australia 2017). These measures were designed by a team of Approved Professi onal Dietitians in conjunction with the national regulations and authorities on the nutrition of the children. The other principles require the company to make sure that the nutritional information is on their restaurants, on packaging, and on their websites. These steps were developed to ensure that parents and caregivers can be able to make a decision that is informed when purchasing food for their children. As a way of joint program, there has been an establishment of a mechanism through which complaints can be launched(www.alrc.gov.au 2017). Consumers can file their complaints directly to the Advertising Standards Bureau. The Bureau is able to come up with a way to deal with the complaints quickly. Additionally, how McDonald's offers its services and products has been influenced by Healthy Kids, which is an independent organization. The firm was contracted in 2010 to carry out the monitoring of the mentioned initiative in order to make sure that each firm is observing the Code(www.business.qld.gov.au 2017). Contrary to other advertising Codes, this initiative is not restricted to specific television period. In this initiative, the code compliance is based on the three main segments: beverage or food used, the communication placement, and the content of communication. McDonald's and other companies in the food industries are expected to revise their communications based on this framework. Another framework that has had a significant impact on the McDonalds products and services is the Greenhouse Challenge Cooperative Agreement. The company was the first fast food service business to sign the agreement. The firm has also been an active participant of the Greenhouse Challenge Plus(www.business.qld.gov.au 2017). The company has had to adopt different approaches when it comes to the kind of energy the company use to prepare its food. The firm has adopted green energy that is environmentally friendly(McDonald 2014). In the delivery of its services, the company encourages its employees to engage in practices that conserves the environment. In addition, the firm is also required by the federal government to take part in its program of the Energy Efficiency Opportunities. The program requires companies that surpasses a given amount of energy use to take an assessment and report the results of the energy efficiency opportunities. The company publishes an annual report of its e nergy report on its websites. This regulatory framework has made the company to alter the way it uses the energy. Conclusion McDonald is a chain of fast food restaurant with limited service. The company has a chain of approximately 35000 restaurants distributed in more than 100 countries across the globe. Primarily, the firm perceives itself as a franchisor. This is because close to 83% of the McDonalds' majority restaurants are totally owned by private and independent franchises. McDonalds Limited in Australia is popularly known as Maccas. It is a McDonalds' corporation subsidiary. The company s products and service provision has been affected by the regulatory framework in Australia. However, the company has been in forefront to sign the regulatory acts in Australia. References Julia Anaf, Frances E. Baum, Matt Fisher, Elizabeth Harris and Sharon Friel. 2017. "Assessing the health impact of transnational corporations: a case study on McDonalds Australia." 2 6. Accessed 4 30, 2017. https://globalizationandhealth.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12992-016-0230-4. Jurevicius, Ovidijus. 2017. McDonald's SWOT analysis 2017. Accessed 4 30, 2017. https://www.strategicmanagementinsight.com/swot-analyses/mcdonalds-swot-analysis.html. Mackay, Sarah. 2010. Food Advertising and Obesity. McDonald, Sharyn. 2014. "Social responsibility clusters arising from social partnerships." Social Responsibility Journal 10 (2): 331-347. McDonalds Australia. 2017. "McDonalds Australia Corporate Responsibility Sustainability Report 2010." McDonalds. 2017. McDonalds_CRS_OurBusiness. McDonalds. Thompson, Andrew. 2017. McDonalds Organizational Culture Analysis. Accessed 4 30, 2017. https://panmore.com/mcdonalds-organizational-culture-analysis. www.alrc.gov.au. 2017. Ethical Considerations. Accessed 4 30, 2017. https://www.alrc.gov.au/publications/6-ethical-considerations/ethics-regulatory-framework. www.business.qld.gov.au. 2017. Food and beverage industry regulations and compliance. Accessed 4 30, 2017. https://www.business.qld.gov.au/industries/hospitality-tourism-sport/food/food-beverage/regulations.

Rio Grande Portland Cement Corp. Essays - Concrete,

Rio Grande Portland Cement Corp. Pueblo citizens are facing a battle. Its a battle between common citizens and those who are in favor of economic development to decide on whether a cement plant will call Pueblo its new home. Its a battle to join together in order to educate those individuals in charge about how building a cement plant would cause more harm than create jobs. Its a battle between the average citizen, concerned about their health and the environment, and the elected official, confident that their influence will bring in a new business for the better of the community. Rio Grande Portland Cement Corp. is planning to build a $160 million, highly automated cement plant 8 miles south of town. In September of 1999, the Pueblo County Planning Commission approved a special-use permit allowing the company to build its mining and manufacturing plant on 6,000 acres southeast of Pueblo. Thereafter, if all the necessary permits are acquired, Rio Grande would be expected to build a cement plant off Lime Road, east of the Stem Beach exit on Interstate 25. (citation here) The special-use permit, however, carried 21 restrictions. Some restrictions include: copies of all license applications and regulatory reports are to be given to the county; no blasting in the limestone quarry would be permitted between 6 p.m. and 8 a.m. and none on Sundays; no retail sales are permitted without an amendment to the use permit; violation of any permit can cause the county to consider revoking the special-use permit; Rio Grande could not use more than 70 acres of land at a given time; Rio Grande could not burn tires or any hazardous material in its kiln without amending the permit, which would require a new application and public hearing. (citation here) This permit, however, was only the beginning of the battle that caused citizens to voice their concerns about Pueblos air quality as well as their own health risks. Resident, Cecil Ross, who owns about 200 acres approximately one mile from the proposed site, believes that the cement plant would be devastating to us and the wildlife that lives there. He voiced his concerns about the vegetation and wildlife at a local press conference held by Neil Carman. A former Texas air quality inspector, Carman was brought to Pueblo by opponents of the plant to help educate citizens about the dangers of having a cement plant close in proximity. (citation here). Citizens for Clean Air and Water in Pueblo/Southern Colorado have pointed out that the companys own permit states that it will release about 6 million pounds of pollutants into the air each year. In fact, Rio Grandes application draft for a Colorado air quality control permit states that the plant would emit 160 tons per year of particulate pollution (which averages to about 35 pounds escaping into the air each day), 150 tons of very small particulates, 1,000 tons of oxides of nitrogen, 944 tons of sulfur dioxide and about 1,000 tons of carbon monoxide. (citation here) At first, Rio Grande submitted a draft application asking that the plant be allowed to produce 1 million tons of cement a year in order to meet the demand for the product. Now, information taken from an article by The Pueblo Chieftain Online states the company has submitted an amendment to their permit asking that the plant be allowed to manufacture 100 million tons of cement per year, increasing its volume of emissions as well. Rio Grandes vice president of operations, Ron Hedrick, claims that the only cloud that anyone would see over our operation would be the water vapor on a cold day (citation here). In fact, the many pollutants that would be emitted by the cement plant would be highly invisible, toxins that will eventually end up causing many heath related problems for people who already suffer from asthma, emphysema, and bronchitis as well as pneumonia. Statistics taken from a South Carolina study reported 50 to 100% greater prevalence of coughing phlegm, wheezing, sore throat and eye irritation among the population. Another study found more cases of diagnosed emphysema, sinus trouble, and bronchitis cough in populations that are living downwind of a hazardous waste incinerator. (citation here). In extreme